April 2015

  1. Srijita Dutta
    Journal Area:
    ABSTRACT:

    As many as one in six couples will encounter problems with fertility, defined as failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after regular intercourse for 12 months. Increasingly, couples are turning to assisted reproductive technology (ART) for help with conceiving and ultimately giving birth to a healthy live baby of their own. With this in mind, it is important that each step of the ART cycle is supported by good evidence from well-designed studies. Herein, the health economics research in this area are critically appraised. The cost-effectiveness of different interventions should be considered when making decisions about treatment. The rapid advancements in sciences have revolutionized modern medicine in a number of ways; genetic engineering, Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART), human cloning, stem cells etc. has opened up the unimagined and promise unquestionable and undreamed benefits to mankind. At the same time, they raise many questions of law and ethical issues relating to public interest, social and religious sentiments and family concern. There is a certain element of risk associated with all assisted reproductive procedures. It is, therefore, necessary to ascertain the therapeutic and research value of the AR procedure in each case. This article reviews techniques of ART along with its costs, ethical & legal issues as well as implementation in today's society.

    Pub. Date: April 30, 2015
    Paper No:
    139
  2. Dr. MadhaviLatha, N., Dr. DLLalita, Dr. Sree HariBabu, B. and DSSK Raju
    Journal Area:
    ABSTRACT:

    PCOS is of significant incidence in the females of reproductive age group. The easier modes of diagnostic techniques have created a unusual scenario of PCOS in the present day status. Aim: To study the hormonal imbalance and Insulin resistance in patients of PCOS. Materials and Methods: This is an observational study conducted in the clinical laboratory of Dept of Biochemistry, Maharajah’s Institute of Medical Sciences , Nellimarla and Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati. 50 subjects were studied over a period of 9 months after dividing them into two groups based on their body mass index. Results: Insulin Resistance was found to be higher in those with BMI > 25, when compared to the subjects with BMI < 25. The results were statistically significant. High Insulin Resistance influences the hormonal status of the individuals.

    Pub. Date: April 30, 2015
    Paper No:
    154
  3. Mahmoud Moawad Mahmoud, Dr. Amir Mohamed Saleh, Dr. AbeerRmadan Ibrahim and Dr. HanyFaridEidMorsy
    ABSTRACT:

    Background: Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by excessive body fat that causes damage to the individual's health and is associated with comorbidities such as Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension and vascular dysfunction. Common traditional treatments utilized for obesity include medications, surgicalinterference, exercises and diet programs. Rare studies have investigated magnetic field treatments for obesity. Purpose: Toinvestigate the effect ofpulsed low frequency magnetic field on obese subjects. Material and Methods: Forty subjects from both genders having body mass index from 30 to 40, their ages ranged from 35 to 45 years oldwere selected. Design of study: Group(A) The experimental group: This group consisted of 20 subjectswere received (Pulsed Magnetic Field withfrequency 15 Hz,intensity 60 gauss and duration 20 min ) for 2 successive months. Group(B) The control group: This group consisted of 20subjects were received aerobic exercises using bicycle ergometer for 2 successive months. Results: Within 2 groups: There was a significant decrease in body mass index and triglyceride. In group A, there was a significant increase in total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein and decrease in high density lipoprotein, In group B there was a significant decrease in T.CH,LDL and increased in HDL. Conclusion: The application of LF-PMF on obese subjects has apositive effect on BMI and serum TGs, but it has anegative effect on HDL, serum T.CH and LDL.

    Pub. Date: April 30, 2015
    Paper No:
    156
  4. Dr. R.P Singhal, Dr. Monica Jain, Dr. Abhishek, Dr. Bhushan Nath Lakhar and Dr. Satish Jain
    ABSTRACT:

    Introduction: India went through a phase of massive urbanization, industrialization and motorization. In relation to motorization one of the problems is head injury. Imaging tests help in determining the diagnosis and prognosis of a traumatic brain injury patient. One of the common sequelae of head trauma is seizures. About 25% of patients with brain contusions or hematomas and about 50% of patients with penetrating head injuries will develop seizures. These seizures occur within first 24 hours of head injury. Material, Method and Observation: An attempt is being made to correlate the CT appearances with epilepsy. We study about 1000 cases of head injury and separate the cases of post traumatic epilepsy for further study. This study was a prospective hospital based study and was carried out from August 2009 to July 2011. Result and conclusion: Seizure is a known complication in patients of head injury with incidence of seizure in our series was7% & most common clinical presentation in post traumatic seizure patients is headache which was seen in our series. Plain X- ray had a limited role in evaluation of post traumatic head injury because negative or positive plain X-ray needs further investigation in the form of CT. CT is the sensitive imaging modality to pick up the injuries of skull bones, subdural and epidural hematomas and contusions.MRI is the modality of choice for evaluation of post traumatic epilepsy because it can reveal all the lesions detected on CT in addition to diffuse axonal injury and gliosis. In our series, because of financial constraints, we could do MRI in a limited number of cases.

    Pub. Date: April 30, 2015
    Paper No:
    163
  5. Aparna, M., Amarnath Reddy, K., Padma Vijayasree, A., Sreelatha, D. and Laxmi, P.
    Journal Area:
    ABSTRACT:

    Abnormalities of Liver Enzymes are common in Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Infected patients. Hepatic injury due to HIV leading to an increase in the Hepatic Enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP). Elevations in the liver enzymes signals injury to the liver cells and in some cases to other cells in the body. The activity of liver enzymes in 100 patients, aged 20-50 years, with HIV Seropositive infection was assessed and 50 age matched apparently healthy subjects tested negative for antibodies for HIV 1 and 2 sereved as control. The activities of Serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and Serum aspartate aminotransferse (AST) were observed significantly higher in HIV infected patients than those to the reference group. There is no significant difference observed in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) of HIV infected when compared to control subjects. Increase in ALT and AST is most likely due to impairment or involvement of the liver in HIV infection.

    Pub. Date: April 30, 2015
    Paper No:
    165
  6. Muazzam Abubakar Salihu, Abdullahi Bala Ado and Idris Yusif
    ABSTRACT:

    Nigeria’s foreign policy since independence is that of commitment to peace, security, territorial integrity and economic prosperity. It is committed to economic integration and sub-regional peace through ECOWAS which forms a building block for the integration and unity of Africa in general. Analysis of Nigerian foreign policy shows that her leaders operate within four concentric cycle of national interest, the inner most circle represent Nigeria’s own security, independence, and prosperity, and centered on its immediate neighbors: Benin, Cameroon, Chad and Niger. The second circle revolves around Nigeria’s relations with its West African neighbors. The third circle focus on continental African issues of peace development and democratization. The fourth circle involves Nigeria’s relation with organizations, institutions, and the states outside Africa. Therefore the main Objective of this research is to study the foreign policy under President Olusegun Obasanjo’s civilian administration and how his preventive diplomacy made an impact to Nigeria’s image abroad. Data was extracted from various literatures and reports from Nigerian Ministry of foreign of Affairs and employed content/descriptive analysis’ Finally, the paper recommends that Nigerian government should address the thorny domestic issues with a view to create a friendly investment climate and boost public and international image.

    Pub. Date: April 30, 2015
    Paper No:
    167
  7. Barisua Ernest Nwidag, Mark O. Afolabi and Solomon Joseph Okwendi
    ABSTRACT:

    Growing inmate population in the United States may give rise to fear among correctional officers about their personal workplace safety in the federal prison system. This potential threat of injury for correction officers is further heightened by the fact that they are required to deal with violent people and conditions on a daily basis. The nature of the threat facing corrections officers is also complex and varied. For instance, correctional staff may be threatened by inmates who create homemade weapons.The article described: one; the current literature that addresses fears of correctional officers about their workplace safety, and two; evaluated potential fears correctional officers may have as inmate population growth increases in the prison system.

    Pub. Date: April 30, 2015
    Paper No:
    168
  8. Padma Vijayasree, A., Amarnath Reddy, K., Sreelatha, D. and Laxmi, P.
    Journal Area:
    ABSTRACT:

    The present study assessed the lipid profile of HIV-infected patients attending the Government General Hospital, Kurnool during the period of 2009-2010. Fasting serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) were determined in sixty HIV-positive subjects and sixty age-matched HIV-negative controls. The CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts of the HIV-positive subjects were assessed and the HIV-positive subjects were grouped into three based on their CD4+ levels as follows: Group I (CD4+ count < 200 cells/µl); group II (CD4+ count 200- 499 cells/µl); group III (CD4+ count 500 cells/µl). The total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C, TG and CD4+ T-lymphocyte for the HIV -positive subjects were 4.64±0.23 mmol/L, 2.02±0.17 mmol/L, 4.29±0.32 mmol/L,0.34±0.02 mmol/L, 0.84±0.05 mmol/L and 350.68±49.25 cells/µl, respectively while the TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-Cand TG of HIV-negative controls were 3.90±0.20 mmol/L, 2.67±1.07 mmol/L, 2.85± 1.09 mmol/L, 0.29±0.01 mmol/L and 0.71±0.03 mmol/L, respectively. A higher CD4+ count in the HIV- positive subjects was associated with higher HDL-C (p<0.05) while a lower CD4+ count was associated with higher TG and VLDL- C levels (p<0.05). Among the three groups classified based on the CD4+ T-lymphocyte count, higher (p<0.05) LDL-C, VLDL-C and TG with lower (p<0.05) HDL-C were observed among the HIV positive subjects having CD4+ T-lymphocytes counts of <200 cells/ µl compared to the HIV- control. No difference (p>0.05) in total cholesterol was found between group I and the control group. The results revealed that lipid profile monitoring is necessary for CD4+ T-lymphocyte count monitoring for the well being of HIV patients in this locality.

    Pub. Date: April 30, 2015
    Paper No:
    173
  9. Muhammad Abdussalam, Mehmood-ul-Hassan, Yasir Khursheed and Muhammad Irfan
    ABSTRACT:

    The current study provides the comparison of EFL teachers’ performance of both Government and private institutes at Higher Secondary level in Pakistan. The sample population was from three districts Sahiwal, Okara and Khanewal (Punjab) Pakistan. Total number of six colleges was selected for the survey. Simple random sampling technique was applied in the collection of data from the population. Data was analysed on SPSS version 16.The results of English subject of all institutes for last three years were accessed to analyse. Interviews of the different teachers and students of the both domains were conducted. The study revealed that owing to socio cultural, socio economic, attitudinal differences and the differences of environments create the differences among the results of the government and Private Higher secondary Institutions.

    Pub. Date: April 30, 2015
    Paper No:
    202