January 2020

Tree yield and regeneration potential were investigated in natural forest ecosystem in the southwestern region of Nigeria. Three forest reserves were selected for data collection. The three forest reserves are Akure Forest Reserve in Akure South Local Government Area, Eda Forest Reserve in Ekiti State and Idanre Forest Reserve in Idanre Local Government Area of Ondo State. Four equal size (25 × 25m) sample plots were centrally located in each of the selected forest reserves by adopting systematic line transect method. All trees with Dbh greater than or equal to 10cm encountered in each of the plots were identified. Quadrants of 5 × 5m size were laid inside the 25 × 25m plots that were laid. Akure forest reserve had the highest volume per hectare (172.96m3), this was followed by Eda forest reserve (136.52m3) and Idanre forest reserve (111.88m3). Idanre forest had the highest regeneration potential (2.49%), followed by Akure forest reserve (2.38%) then Eda forest reserve (1.56%). A Regeneration potential of 2.14 was obtained when the forest were pooled together. It was concluded that the forest should continued to be managed and preserved from biotic and abiotic factors that could hinder regeneration in the natural forest ecosystem. This will help conserve biodiversity and provide all the other services required in perpetuity.

Background: Digital imaging modalities which are recently developed offer better options by significantly reducing the dosage of radiation exposed and at the same time offer better quality with user- friendly options. Such things must be made known to the dentists which will in turn benefit the patient as well. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitude towards digital radiography among dentists. Materials and Methods: A systematic random survey of practicing dentists in Chennai using a questionnaire with questions pertaining to individual details, knowledge level and approach toward digital radiography was done. A total of 50 dentists were included in the survey. Results: In this study, it was found that majority of the dental practitioners prefer digital imaging modalities in their practice. However, detailed knowledge regarding the digital imaging remains unknown to some. Conclusion: Proper precautions need to be taken by the dentists during radiation exposure, which has to be made known to them, and also the various advances in the digital imaging modalities, which provide better options for the dentist as well as the patient.

Physicochemical quality of drinking water in Mubi-North, Girei and Mayo-Belwa local government areas, Adamawa State Northeastern Nigeria was investigated. Water samples were collected using 100ml wide open plastic well sterilized (using distilled water). Sampling was done in the months of August-October for the wet season and January-March for dry season using a portable dissolved oxygen analyzer for DO. Hanna portable pH/EC/TDS/temperature meter for pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids and temperature at sample collection point. The results revealed that in well water during rainy season, the mean temperatures readings ranged from (29.30 – 30.71 oC), and dry season range was (30.33 – 31.12 oC) while (29.85 – 31.42 oC) and (30.39 – 33.19 oC) were recorded for bore-holes during rainy and dry seasons respectively, in well water during rainy season, the mean pH values ranged from (7.3 – 8.24), while during dry season it ranged from (8.68 – 9.36), for borehole water, during raining season ranged from (6.94 – 8.13) and during dry season, it ranged from (8.51 – 9.43). it was revealed that in well water during rainy season, the mean TDS values ranged from (377.67 – 617.00 PPM) and (568.56 – 630.00 PPM) during dry season, for borehole it ranged from (74.44 – 589.44 PPM) and (113.56 – 637.44 PPM) during rainy and dry seasons respectively. During rainy season, the mean conductivity values ranged from (283.25 – 462.75 µS/cm3), and (426.42 – 472.50 µS/cm3) during dry season while for borehole water it ranged from (55.83 – 478.08 µS/cm3) and (85.17 – 442.08 µS/cm3) for rainy and dry season. In well water during rainy season, the mean BOD values ranged from (1.60 – 2.48 mg/l), during dry season it ranged from (0.63 – 1.16 mg/l), for borehole water, during raining season, it ranged from (0.90 – 2.39 mg/l), while during dry season, it ranged from (0.47 – 0.59 mg/l). This study has shown through its findings that the physical parameter for drinking water in the study area are generally within the threshold values stipulated by WHO but fluctuates seasonally (rainy and dry). Hence, both wells and boreholes are suitable for drinking, domestic activities and healthy environment which promote primary productivity as at the time of this study.

This study sought to evaluate bootstrapping financing strategies adopted by women entrepreneurs to enhance growth in their entrepreneurial careers. The objectives of this study were to determine the direction of relationship between loans from friends and family, and growth; to establish the strength of relationship between personal savings and growth, and to determine the direction of association between delaying payments to suppliers and growth of female firms. Literature review focused mainly on bootstrapping strategy and its elements which include personal savings, delaying payments to suppliers and loans from friends and family. Other studies which looked at bootstrapping strategy were also reviewed. This research adopted an explanatory research design and a total of 82 women entrepreneurs owning boutique and saloon registered firms in Gweru participated in the study. SPSS version 24 was used to determine the strength and direction of relationship between the strategies adopted and growth of their firms as measured by sales. The findings of this study are that women face a plethora of challenges in their entrepreneurial journey. Major challenges which are terrorising women entrepreneurs’ fortunes are lack of financial resources, failure to balance home and work roles, and lack of training. Also, there was a strong positive relationship between personal savings and growth. Loans from friends and family were positively correlated to growth in sales in women firms in Zimbabwe. However, delaying payments to suppliers was negatively correlated with sales in women firms in Zimbabwe. The study recommended that personal savings and loans from friends and family should be encouraged among women as these had a positive relationship with growth. However, female entrepreneurs must avoid delaying paying their supplies as this is inversely related to growth of their firms.

Meat products are widely consumed and appreciated by general population due to their diversity of flavors, use in food preparations, associated with their low cost. Major problem of these foods is constant use of nitrite and sodium sorbate, which although additives allowed by Brazilian and other countries legislation are associated with toxic effects on body. Aim of this work was to quantify nitrite and sodium sorbate levels in cured meat products. Additive levels were quantified using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, calibration curves of sodium nitrite and sorbic acid, values found were compared with Brazilian legislation, with daily intake index. Sodium nitrite contents were found in range 0.004 to 0.019 g-1 and sodium sorbate ranged from 0.03 to 0.10 g 100 g-1. These data show that in many products content of additives used exceeds values allowed by law, this warns population that they should consume these products in a moderate way because of risks that may cause their health.

Topic: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Toward Infant Oral Health Care among the Pediatricians in Chennai: A Questionnaire Survey. Background: Oral Health Care in infants is of utmost importance as it plays a major role in the overall health. Pediatricians and family doctors are considered to be in a unique position to contribute to the dental health of children as they are brought to them at a very young age itself. The aim of this study was to study the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Toward Infant Oral Health Care among the pediatricians in Chennai. Materials and Methods: A systematic random survey of pediatricians in Chennai using a questionnaire with questions pertaining to individual details, knowledge level regarding dentistry and approach toward infant oral healthcare. A total of 160 pediatricians were included in the survey. Results: Most of the pediatricians acknowledged the importance of pediatric dentistry. Very few pediatricians (36.2%) regularly examine the oral cavity of infants at birth. Initiating oral hygiene practice before the eruption of the first tooth was advised by 45. 62% of the pediatricians and recommending the first dental visit was not seen to be prevalent (only 13.8%). Conclusion: Majority of the pediatricians are not advising parents to take infants to a pediatric dentist by 1 year of age. More interaction between the pediatrician and the pediatric dentist is essential in order to provide good overall health to the infants.

Background: Diabetic foot, an entity with great polymorphism, includes from minimal to catastrophic injuries like gangrene. Treatment is debridement, infection management, and revascularization procedures when indicated. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy improves tissue hypoxia and promotes fibroblast proliferation. Goals: To determine the effectiveness of adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy as a treatment that increase fibroblasts production in diabetic foot wounds. Methods: Randomized double blind clinical trial; in patients with Diabetic Foot Wagner II-IV category WHO, attended at the Hyperbaric and Undersea medical Service of the Naval Hospital of Specialties in Veracruz. Inclusion criteria were ages from 40 to 60 years, and with Central glucose levels <140 mg / dL. Two groups were studied: one with conventional treatment and another with conventional treatment plus hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Fibroblast proliferation was measured by means of 2 incisional wound biopsies, taken before and after treatment. The variables used were: occupation, education, age and sex. The statistical analysis was descriptive and inferential, with T student for independent and related samples, and with P <0.05 to test hypotheses. Results: 50 patients were evaluated. Average age was 59.6 ± 7.2 years. 28 patients were men (56%) and 22 women (44%). The intervention group consisted of 23 patients and it was possible to demonstrate an increase in fibroblasts as represented by a count of 305.652 / mm3, while the Control group was formed by 27 patients and with a count of 73.333 / mm3. The use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy as an adjunctive treatment showed greater effectiveness for the management of diabetic foot wounds when compared with conventional treatment since the patients presented improvements in fibroblast count and proliferation, as well as in the healing of chronic ulcers.

Introduction: Low birth weight and preterm birth are associated with high neonatal and infant mortality and morbidity. About 10- 12% of Indian babies are born preterm. Babies born before 3 weeks of gestation are called preterm infants. The birth of premature infants represents a crisis for most parents and may adversely affect the development of the parent- infant relationship. Objectives of the study: • To assess the pretest knowledge, attitude and practices of mothers of preterm babies regarding preterm care. • To evaluate the effectiveness of instructional package pretest and posttest on preterm care among the mothers of preterm babies. • To associate the knowledge, attitude and practices of mothers of preterm babies with selected demographic variables. Materials and methods: One group pretest and posttest design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the instructional package on “preterm care among mothers of preterm babies admitted in Neonatal intensive care, Govt. Rajaji Hospital, Madurai. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices among 50 mothers of preterm babies regarding definition, causes, temperature regulation, nutritional requirements and infection control among the mothers of preterm babies and the collected data is analyzed by differential and inferential statistics. Conceptual framework used for this study was general system theory. Results: The pretest evolved that the mothers' knowledge on preterm care was inadequate knowledge (82%). After instructional package majority of the mothers knowledge on preterm care was improved to 90%. There was unfavorable attitude towards preterm care before instructional package. The moderately adequate health practices in relation to preterm care before instructional package was only 20%. It became 94% after the instructional package. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the knowledge, attitude and practices of mothers were inadequate before instructional package. After instructional package the knowledge, attitude and practices were increased significantly.

It should be borne in mind that the main water resources of the Aral Sea basin – the flow of the Syr Darya and Amu Darya rivers, according to the Memorandum, are distributed among the water consumers of the countries of Central Asia. Therefore, the withdrawal of water from these sources, the established limit from year to year is complicated. In the contour of irrigated agriculture, the volume of water consumption of agriculture is determined by natural and economic conditions, the technical condition of irrigation systems, the applied equipment and technology for irrigation of agricultural crops. The magnitude of water consumption also depends on the water supply of a particular soil – climate district, district. About 90% of available water resources are spent on irrigation of cultivated crops, for carrying out vegetative, moisture recharge and wash irrigation in the irrigated zone. The article considers the assessment of the current state of water use, the technical state of irrigation systems, as well as improving the management of water user associations in conditions of water scarcity.

The smart management has continually been a source of achieving competitive advantage in most developing countries. This study examined the relationship between smart management and achieving competitive advantage in Egypt using secondary data obtained from the annual reports of companies. However, the study noted that the smart management, tend to have a positive effect on achieving competitive advantage. Organizations need to take advantage of smart management techniques to achieve quality standards The products of improving the clients' mental image and providing services That satisfy their desires, meet their needs quickly and easily, and keep their money And their secrecy, and other aspects of caring for them.

Determinar si el sucralfato frente a omeprazol está asociada al desarrollo de Neumonía por ventilación mecánica en pacientes ingresados en las unidades críticas del CEMENAV.

After the independence karakalpak playwrights began to make dramatic works acceptably to the new period. Especially, with those which were related to historical incidents, new ideas which prompted the nation to freedom, historical incidents and historical people. Folk motives were looked through again and made appropriate to the requirements of the literature. Playwrights led on making the characters of our historical people Amir Temir, Koklenbatir, Mamanbiy, Aydos baba, ErnazarAlakoz, Kumar ana, Berdak, Ziywar and Ayaziy. Among them, T. Kayipbergenov, I. Otaliev, T. Allanazarov, K. Allambergenov, M.Nizanov should be remarked notably. The article which we are stating is dedicated to the tragedy “Aydosbaba” by T. Allanazarov and deeply analyses the pecualiarities, similarities, genre, character, composition issues between the novel “Unfortunates” by the writer T.Kayipbergenov. The playwright recreated the plots of the novel based on the requirements of drama. In most cases, he has chosen the most essential moments, incidents as basis to the drama. Whereas, some plots were given as authorial remarks. We have observed that while we are analyzing the article T.Allanazarov used literal manners such as plot elements, exposition, conflict, culmination, decision, dialogue, monologue, inner monologue, replica, remark, portrait appropriately on making this tragedy.

El cáncer se ha convertido en un gran problema de salud actual, considerada como una enfermedad mortal, la cual genera no solo un gran impacto físico, emocional y psicológico sino también económico por el proceso de su tratamiento, modificando la dinámica familiar, donde los rolescambian de manera drástica, siendo el menor afectado el centro de atención. Es gran importancia reforzar por medio de la educación al paciente la capacidad de autocuidado, donde las intervenciones independientes que brinda el personal de enfermería son la estrategia ideal cuandolos familiares son capaces de detectar requisitos alterados derivados del padecimiento o como consecuencia del tratamiento, así, como la detección oportuna de complicaciones. El Centro Médico Naval (CEMENAV), no es la excepción ya que desde su apertura atiende a la población infantil derecho habiente de toda la república de Méxicopor ser un centro médico de concentración por la alta especialidad que en él se maneja. Siendo de gran importancia la participación de enfermería, motivo por el cual se realiza la presente revisión, donde el objeto de estudio es identificar las intervenciones de enfermería independientes como estrategias de autocuidado en el paciente pediátrico que nos permitan generar el autocuidado, no solo del menor, sino de toda la familia contribuyendo a mantener estilos de vida saludables que redunden en el control de los efectos adversos del tratamiento, así como minimizar la aparición de complicaciones.