Health Sciences

Background: Olfactory Reference Syndrome (ORS), also known as Olfactory Reference Disorder, is a distressing psychiatric condition marked by the persistent, often delusional belief that one emits a foul body odor, despite no detectable smell by others. ORS typically begins in adolescence or early adulthood and affects both sexes, with some studies indicating a slight male predominance. It is frequently comorbid with other psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (69%), social anxiety disorder (48%), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (27%).

Background: The spinal accessory nerve (SAN) plays a crucial role in shoulder function by innervating the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles. Its injury during neck dissection can lead to significant postoperative morbidity, including shoulder dysfunction. While various anatomical landmarks have been described for locating the SAN, these can be unreliable, particularly in the presence of metastatic lymphadenopathy. Objective: To present a novel and consistent technique for identifying the SAN during neck dissection using fixed anatomical landmarks.

Background: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition marked by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. While stimulant medications are considered first-line treatment, their use is frequently limited by adverse effects such as appetite loss, insomnia, and gastrointestinal discomfort. This has prompted growing interest in adjunctive therapies that offer symptom relief with improved tolerability.

A 40 years old female with missing 11 and 12 secondary to trauma seven months earlier. Intra-oral examination confirmed the missing 11 and 12 with minimal bone loss. Soft and hard tissues on the edentulous site were normal on clinical and radiological findings. Implants were placed on 11 and 21 region and immediately loaded.

INTRODUCTION: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a condition characterized by sudden recurrent episodes of intense, sharp facial pain, often described as electric shock-like sensations. It primarily affects the distribution of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) and causes debilitating discomfort that can mimic dental problems. The pain typically affects one side of the face and can be triggered by various stimuli, such as chewing, speaking, brushing teeth, or even a light touch. Consequently, patients often approach dental surgeons for treatment.

Background: All human being spends their life in different fields for fulfillment of their physiological and cerebral requirements of life and their survival. All professionals life is stressful due to especially, the work place is more stressful. Indifferent profession the performance factors are different. But some factors are common in all professions like knowledge and skill, work environment, association structure. These factors are seriously affecting the performance of the professionals and work out put. (Vigo, 2011).

Many maternity care practices, initially developed to address specific clinical issues, are now frequently applied routinely, even among healthy women. This widespread use of interventions—often without clear medical indication—can expose mothers and newborns to unnecessary risks with minimal or no therapeutic benefit.

Background: Patient satisfaction is a crucial indicator of healthcare quality, particularly in oncology. Understanding the factors influencing satisfaction can enhance service delivery and improve health outcomes. Objectives: This study assessed patient satisfaction with cancer care at Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital (JOOTRH), focusing on professional, interpersonal, and organizational aspects while identifying socio-demographic factors influencing satisfaction.

Fetiform teratoma is a rare highly developed mature teratoma with organoid differentiation although it is not as developed as fetus in fetus which is the only differential diagnosis of this entity. It should be distinguished from the fetus in fetu by absence of the axial skeleton. However, there is controversy in the distinction between Fetus in Fetu and fetiform teratoma and that both entities could represent two aspects of the same pathology at different stages of maturation.

Aquatic macrophyte plants are found globally and exhibit a variety of growth forms along with adaptable physiological and metabolic processes that respond to changes in environmental conditions. The majority of macrophyte species are cosmopolitan, and closely related species often replace one another in the aquatic ecosystems across different regions of the world. Macrophytic vegetation encompasses both deep-water and shallow-water species, as well as those that thrive in water in emergent, submerged, or floating forms.