CURRENT ISSUE

Peanut, a crucial legume crop in tropical and semiarid regions, serves as a significant source of edible oil and vegetable protein. This study, conducted at the Savannah Agricultural Research Institute (SARI) during the 2021 cropping season, aimed to assess the impact of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on groundnut yield and its components. Employing a 3 x 3 x 2 factorial experiment design, the trial was arranged in a randomized complete block with three replications. Various parameters including plant height at harvest, plant population at harvest, pod yield (kg/plant), number of mature pods/plants, number of immature pods/plants, pod yield (kg/ha), and haulm weight (kg/ha) were collected and analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Significance levels were determined by Least Significance Difference (LSD) at a 5% probability level. Results indicated significant effects (p < 0.05) of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on the number of mature pods per plant. Specifically, the application of 30 kg/ha of nitrogen and 20 kg/ha each of phosphorus and potassium resulted in the highest number of mature pods per plant (9.2). Furthermore, the combination of 60 kg/ha of nitrogen and 20 kg/ha of potassium without phosphorus application exhibited the highest haulm weight (265.11 kg/ha). Additionally, prevalent weed species within the experimental field included Digitariasanguinalis, Cyperus esculentus, Cynodondactylon, and Commelinalatifolia. These findings underscore the importance of balanced nutrient management for optimizing groundnut yield in tropical agricultural settings.

Introduction: To combat malnutrition and its related consequences during the early stages of life, appropriate complementary feeding is essential. Moreover, developing complementary foods that address the gaps between the daily energy and nutrient requirements of infants and young children and the amount obtained from breastfeeding should be designed. Materials and Methods: The objective of this study was to develop nutrient-dense ready-to-cook cereal mixes for 12-23 months children.A market survey wasconducted to gain information regarding locally available foods. Five nutrient-dense ready-to-cook cereal mixes were prepared using different food groups like cereals, millets, pulses, fruits, vegetables, nuts and oilseeds. Recipes were evaluated for nutrient composition, adequacy, dietary diversity as well as shelf life. Forty semi-trained panelists using ten-point composite rating scale and a seven-point hedonic scale conducted organoleptic evaluation. Results: Nutrient composition analysis revealed that RTCs met more than 80% requirement for iron, fiber and calcium and almost 100% for energy, protein, fat and carbohydrates for breastfed children however, for non-breastfed children except fat and calcium all other nutrient requirements were adequately met.The overall acceptability of RTCs ranged from 5.7 to 6.83.Shelf life studies showed that there was no rancidity during 3 months of storage. A manual and videos on complementary feeding, as well as instructions on how to use RTC mixes, were developed. Conclusion: Thus, the nutrient-denseready-to-cook cereal mixes developed can be useful to bridge the gaps between energy and nutrient requirements.

Humans have always transformed the genomes of both plants and animals, which is basic knowledge. Originally, this intrusive processwhich has persisted for millions of years despite numerous errors and setbacks, was accomplished by crossing species that possessed advantageous traits. The purpose of this endeavor was to generate and nurture novel plants that would give advantages to humankind, such as improved food quality, increased productivity, immunity to diseases, and so on. However, the process of developing genetically modified organisms is achallenging task.

Background: Drug discovery is the process by which therapeutic agents are identified and developed while drug delivery refers to the processes and technologies employed to provide vehicles through which therapeutic agents are administered to patients ensuring safety, efficacy, and quality. Synthetic materials were favoured against natural materials due to challenges of standardization and extensive characterization required for natural materials. Objectives: Purpose of the study is to review the application of chitosan as a nano particle and its significance as a local drug delivery system. Methodology: The search study for the review paper is based on current literature having 15 articles which has been beneficial in title and research work done on local drug delivery. Results: This is a detailed literature review so the results will be in terms of the work done as discussed in review of literature. Conclusion: This paper reviews the structural characteristics and various synthesis methods used to produce chitosan nanoparticles and nanostructures, such as ionic gelation, micro emulsion, polyelectrolyte complexing, emulsification solvent diffusion, and the reverse micellar method. Various characterization techniques and analyses are also discussed.

Background: COVID-19 A new type of virus discovered in the city of Wuhan Cina, this COVID-19 pandemic virus causes a high death rate that puts the world on maximum alert. Some children and adolescents are more susceptible to psychosocial effects during a pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic that occurs can add to the storm and stress on teens will cause anxiety. Objective: To find out whether there is a relationship between the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the level of adolescent anxiety. Methods: This research is a quantitative study designed using a descriptive correlation method with a cross-sectional approach. The simple in this study were 153 respondents in senior high school at Samarinda who fit the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample was taken using a total sampling technique. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. Results: The results of this study indicate that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic with an average value of 35 has an impact of 33%-35% and the level of anxiety with an average value of 12 gives an anxiety level of 10%-13%. Based on the analysis results using Pearson’sProduct Moment, a significant value of 0.000 < 0.005 was obtained based on the value of count, namely 0.552> 0.159. There is a strong relationship between the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the level of adolescent anxiety leading to a negative relationship. Research Conclusion: There is a relationship between the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic with adolescent anxiety levels.

The study delves into the identification and analysis of constraints faced by workers across diverse enterprises and farmers engaged in agricultural cultivation. Through extensive discussions, a plethora of constraints were discerned, each unique to its respective enterprise. Utilizing a comprehensive methodology, constraints were categorized and evaluated through both Total Scoring Method and Principal Component Analysis (PCA).The Total Scoring Method facilitated the systematic ranking of constraints based on respondents' situational perceptions. This involved assigning scores to each constraint and subsequently calculating their frequency to determine their significance. Concurrently, PCA was employed to extract factors, rotate, and interpret them, unveiling underlying patterns and relationships among constraints.In the realm of agricultural cultivation, discussions with farmers elucidated a myriad of constraints. Notably, lower market value for agricultural products and lack of storage reservoirs emerged as prominent issues. Through PCA, these constraints, along with others, were systematically categorized into distinct factors, shedding light on their interconnectedness and impact.The findings underscore the multifaceted nature of constraints impeding enterprise operations and agricultural productivity. Moreover, the scree plot analysis confirmed the relevance of the first 12 factors, collectively explaining a significant portion of the variability in the data. The research provides valuable insights into the constraints faced by workers across different enterprises and farmers in agricultural cultivation. It emphasizes the importance of addressing these constraints through targeted interventions and strategic initiatives to foster sustainable development and enhance productivity in diverse sectors.

This study analyzes the working time and rest period regulations of representative fishing countries in Europe and Asia for the International Labour Organization's (ILO) C188 - Work in Fishing Convention, 2007. The Quadruple Helix method is used to explore policy implications for the protection and representation of fishermen's working time and rest periods in each country. This study analyzes the potential for harmonization between international conventions and national laws on working hours and rest periods for fishermen, with a focus on the United Kingdom and Norway in Europe, and Japan and the Philippines in Asia. The aim is to identify policy improvements related to the Korean Seafarer's Act with confidence and authority. This study confidently addresses the fatigue and health problems of Korean fishermen who engage in long-term fishing activities on various types of vessels. The study is based on the results of a multi-case comparative empirical study. To achieve the study's objectives, we propose designating fishing vessels and clarifying working hours and rest period regulations under the Seafarers' Act. This proposal will provide compensation and protection for fishermen's labor. This study aims to improve the working conditions and rest periods of fishermen in accordance with the ILO standards. It also aims to contribute to the creation of an environment that enables sustainable fishing activities by harmonising domestic and international conventions.

Epilepsy (EP) is a ceaseless issue in modern nations because of tobacco smoking, hot food varieties, way of life changes, albuminuria, ulcers, IBS, skin rashes and deferred wounds. Many of these contemporary synthetic drugs were treated through EP-associated disease conditions to expel less therapeutic efficacy, unwanted effects and unknowing unwanted effects. Our present survey found to estimate the various parameters of antiepileptic drug-consuming patients in various zones of Kerala. The literature surveyed based on a selected cohort was used. In our study, 1500 epileptic patient details were collected and within the selection of 500 patients for the utilization of pre and post-test of drugs taken. The examination of HDL levels has shown EP and related illnesses in patients after the medications taken HDL levels for myocardial infarction (2.3 ±0.274↑) were profoundly expanded. The examination of TCH levels has plugged EP and associated diseases in patients after the medicines received TCH levels for just with EP (39.7 ± 3.613↓) and hypertension (31.9 ± 0.466↓), The examination of LDL levels have shown EP and related illnesses in patients after the medicine consuming LDL levels for hypertension (33.8 ± 3.291↓) were altogether diminished The SGOT results showed after the medications overwhelming EP+ tachyarrhythmia (2.5 ± 0.4↑) patients levels were altogether expanded. The SGPT results expressed that the medications taken EP + Inflammation (1.65 ± 0.003↓) patient's levels were wide. The WBCs enumeration levels EP and related inflammation patients after the medications taken EP (312 ±0.170↑) were increased. The assessed haemoglobin levels were unit mg/100ml of blood, which brings about the shown EP and related sicknesses Patients after the drugs received haemoglobin levels were fundamentally expanded EP (0.3 ±0.02↑) and EP + hyperlipidemic (0.2 ± 0.002↑), This utilization study ought to be a critical improvement in the more essential evaluation of destruction-relieving drug blueprints in teaching centres and all hospitals.

The current study sheds light on the psychological dimension of the major characters of the book 1984. It explores the psychological conflict that leads to the issue of Sadism as a result of the extreme struggle among the book characters based on the psychoanalytic perspective. It is observed throughout the book from the beginning to the end, the predomination of the psychological suppression of the major characters. It is considered as a pessimistic literary piece that portrays the horrible future of England particularly and the whole world in general according to Orwell’s predicts.The book includes great psychological issues that the major characters of the book namely Winston Smith, Julia, and Katherine face. All these troubles that taken place for them as a result of the violent treatment of the party leaders. These cruel treatments and violent reactions are mirrored directly in their behavior, activity, interaction, and reaction. As human beings who have emotions, passions, and feelings, these characters suffered from conflicts within the party structure that reflected passively on them psychologically, mentally, intellectually, and politically. In this research paper, the researcher explores deeply the psychological issues especially the issue of Sadism as a dangerous degree of psychology that influences the psyche of the major characters. Sadism is being studied critically based on the psychoanalytic perspective.

Consumer behaviour, a complex and dynamic phenomenon, is influenced by various factors, among which lifestyle plays a pivotal role. This research aims to delve into the intricate interplay between consumer behaviour and lifestyle, seeking to uncover the nuanced ways in which individuals' choices, preferences, and purchasing decisions are shaped by their unique lifestyles. The study employs a multidimensional approach, considering the diverse aspects of lifestyle, including social, cultural, economic, and psychological dimensions. The findings of this research contribute valuable insights into the evolving landscape of consumer behaviour, shedding light on the significance of lifestyle as a determinant of preferences and purchasing decisions. The implications extend to product development, marketing communication, and market segmentation strategies, enabling businesses to tailor their offerings to better align with the diverse lifestyles of their target audience. As consumers increasingly seek products and services that align with their values and aspirations, understanding the intricate connections between lifestyle and consumer behaviour becomes imperative for businesses aiming to thrive in a competitive market. This research serves as a comprehensive guide for marketers, researchers, and policymakers, offering a deeper understanding of the complex web of factors that shape consumer choices in the context of their lifestyles.

Lactose intolerance is one of the common clinical condition dealt in pediatrics. Most commonly the child present with abdominal pain and bloating, diarrhea, nausea and flatulence upon consuming food substances containing lactose. In most cases symptomatic management and avoidance of lactose containing food is taken as a solution. Main clinical findings and Diagnosis: In this case, a 5 month old baby was presented with passing watery stools upon intake of breast milk. The symptoms resolved on stopping breast milk and she was given cerelac, as substitute for breast milk. The baby had history of fever and it was managed by course of antibiotic treatment at the age 4 months. Reducing sugar was present in laboratory stool examination. Since the baby had no complaints towards breast milk from birth, but was developed in later life, this is considered as a case of lactose intolerance due to secondary lactase deficiency. The condition was taken and managed by ayurveda as per 'pittaja sthanyadushti' and 'pittaja atisara' chikitsa. No stoppage of breastfeeding was adviced. After 12 days of treatment, the baby had considerable relief. Frequency of diarrhea reduced and also consistency changed from watery stools to semi solid nature.

The retail environment has developed into a sophisticated network of connections and experiences, moving beyond simple transactions. In this vast space, consumers and merchants are always looking for the magic that turns everyday shopping into an amazing journey. The purpose of this study is to sort through the complex factors that go into creating a memorable shopping experience in structured retail environments. Customer loyalty and pleasure are essential components of organized retail, which entails building engaging environments that go beyond simple product sales. This study aims to examine the combination of environment, offerings, and services that make up a premium shopping experience. Retailers can adjust their tactics to match changing client demands by understanding these small details. Essentially, the goal of this research is to examine the criteria for better shopping experiences in organized retail environments. The goal is to give companies a manual on how to create spaces that draw customers in, promote engagement, and improve their overall shopping experience. There are 1200 customers are contacted for this study and Henry Garratts Ranking method is applied for the analysis.

The aim of this review is to explore the factors contributing to poor maternal mental health that is prevalent in China and to evaluate what has been done so far, as areas for improvement will be deduced so that recommendations can be given. Some of the factors influencing maternal anxiety in China are: lack of access to appropriate counselling centres, preference for the male child, marital tensions and the low status of women in the Chinese society. Another major factor is the mother in-law versus daughter in-law conflicts which also directly influences antenatal anxiety. The government of China has responded by enacting policies to safeguard the rights of pregnant women and to develop interventions that will improve on their maternal health services with heavy emphasis on mental health services. Further responses include, the capacity building of mental health workers, health promotion, the integration of mental health in Maternal and Child Health and the successful attempts in reducing the gaps in equity. To further improve on these successes, community participation and the expansion of coverage and access of antenatal care services have been recommended.

A calendar is a collection of days and dates humans use to guide their daily activities. The Ethiopian calendar system is significant in the socio-cultural lives of the Ethiopian people, who aspire to live peaceful lives. They believe the universe will be harmonious when people can coexist peacefully with God, one another, and the universe in a balanced way. With a comparison to the calendar system of another nation, this article seeks to establish the accuracy of the calculations performed with the Ethiopian calendar. The ancient astronomers definitively established the Ethiopian calendar in this investigation. Every four years is an extra day for Luka. Pagume only has six hours. The upshot is that there are now 366 days instead of 365 in a year. Leap years are the term for these years. Furthermore, the year will have 367 days in total after 600 years. The Ethiopian calendar system is vital to the social and cultural life of the Ethiopian population. It serves as a guide for duties such as keeping track of one's birthday, forecasting personality features, figuring out one's past, or analyzing the highs and lows of performing one's job. Furthermore, the findings showed that the new year, Meskerem 1 (September 11, 2043, G.C.), will start on Thursday in 2035 according to the Ethiopian calendar.

El infarto agudo de miocardio se define como muerte celular por isquemia prolongada, y termina en la necrosis de miocitos, a causa de la disminución abrupta parcial o total del flujo sanguíneo hacia un territorio de miocardio. La reperfusión adecuada en tiempo y forma aseguran un mejor pronóstico a corto y largo plazo del paciente. La ruptura miocárdica forma parte del espectro de complicaciones mecánicas en razón de un inadecuado manejo.

The objective of the present study was to assess the functional mobility of male and female elderly subjects residing in high-altitude regions of India. The study was performed on 300 elderly males and 300 elderly females between the age range of 60 to 70 years residing in Tehri, Uttarakhand. The selected elderly subjects were chosen purposively and none have any history of serious medical illness. To assess the problems of functional mobility of the selected subjects, a pre-validated functional mobility scale was developed. The reliability and validity of this scale were established through valid statistical measures. The items in this scale addressed the problem of lying to sitting, sitting to lying, sitting to standing, standing, gait, timed walk and functional reach. Scores above 13 show that the subject has no problems related to functional mobility, scores between 10-13 denote mild functional mobility problems, scores between 6-9 denote moderate functional mobility problems and scores below 6 denote severe functional mobility problems. Functional mobility in 21.4% of elderly subjects was found to be severely compromised. The results also showed that the problems of functional mobility are almost the same in both groups that have elderly males and elderly females. It was concluded that the problems of functional mobility in the majority of elderly males and females are not severe.

Con una técnica diferente de la angioplastia coronaria con balón, la aterectomía rotacional fue implementada en 1988, es una técnica de tratamiento endovascular contra la enfermedad aterosclerótica obstructiva o en subexpansión del stent, generando ganancia del lumen mediante la eliminación física de placa calcificada o del stentsubexpandido o reestenosado. Se ejecuta con la aplicación de una pequeña oliva que contiene puntas de diamante, el cual es transportado sobre un alambre guía en la lesión a tratar y se hace girar a 140.000-190.000 rpm mediante aire comprimido.

Most adrenal tumors are identified incidentally and non-functional. However, hormone-secreting tumors can result morbidity and mortality. Hemodynamic lability and hypertension in pregnancy are associated with worse maternal and fetal outcomes.

The main objective of this research is to critically evaluate moral education in Sri Lankan school curriculum. Education is very important in our lives. It helps us to make a better life. It is a process of learning. On the other hand, it helps to improve different skills and capabilities, habits, knowledge, values as well as beliefs. What is moral education? It can simply define as teaching students about values or moral habits which helps to live in the society helpfully and peacefully. In this process, subjects have been introduced to develop moral education in the school curriculums. Teaching moral education belongs to the hidden curriculum because, from various subjects, we learn values and good habits. For example, if, through religion, we learn to be kind, then automatically it is teaching moral values. Education aims at development or growth intellectually as well as morally. It helps to develop good habits, civic, well-behaved, successful, and healthy qualities that are acceptable in society. In the process of learning, moral education is provided through various subjects such as civic education and life skills, health science, religion, and ethics. The fundamental way in which education helps social progress is by aiding the moral development of the individual and the society. According to Dewey, education means intellectual and moral development or growth. Talk of ethical theories is scarcely at a premium in current debates about morality and moral education, yet these are no more than attempts to make explicit the reasons why some things are considered good and others bad; to go beyond the simple commands ‘Do this’ and ‘Don’t do that, or else’. Few would suggest that anything resembling a formal course in ethics would provide an answer to our current problems. Therefore, the practice of moral development in our education system must be investigated in this sense and it is needed to analyze and evaluate the existing teaching and practice of moral education within Sri Lankan school education system. This research focuses on addressing the present practice of moral education in school setting. This study also critically investigates the gaps and inadequate areas of moral application in our country in comparison to the international standards. The methodology of this research applies mixed methods, for a qualitative approach this involves the conceptual clarification of moral education along with moral reasoning with reference to different texts on value education. As well, this study quantitatively gathers information by conducting on the teaching of civics subject in school curricula in grade 8 of the Sri Lankan national school syllabus. We selected two schools in Colombo district, namely Lumbini College and Musaeus College. The Sample is 100 students in 13 years of age, and analysis the data using SPSS analysis.

An immediate implant placement in the anterior aesthetic zone is a challenging job for the operator since it is associated with higher chances of buccal bone resorption both in vertical and horizontal dimensions after extraction of tooth. In the present era of modern implantology newer techniques, materials and methods are introducing day by day to prevent bone loss around immediate extraction implant placement site and maintenance of soft tissue as well as hard tissue architecture around the implant. Partial extraction therapy / socket shield therapy is one of the promising and successful technique to prevent buccal bone loss and maintenance of soft tissue architecture around the implant. In SST a piece of tooth root which is left over the buccal wall to maintain the blood supply through periodontal ligament hence preventing the bone loss and maintaining the volume of surrounding tissue (1). This technique is practiced from single rooted to multiple rooted tooth. The complexity of the technique and chances of procedural error increases with the variation in anatomy of root in term of shape, number, curvature and location inside oral cavity.

In sub-Saharan Africa, the issue of girls' education remains a major concern in terms of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 4. This issue involves several aspects, such as school retention and success. In Burkina Faso, keeping girls in school and ensuring their success is one of the major concerns of the education authorities. Despite the government's efforts, gender inequalities still persist. While parity has been achieved at primary level, inequalities still persist at secondary level despite all the efforts made. The gross enrolment ratio (girls/boys) is 1.02 at primary level, compared with 0.90 at secondary level by 2021-2022. The completion rate is 17.1% for girls and 21.1% for boys in 2021-2022. Women are also under-represented in the teaching profession, particularly at secondary level: the proportion of women teachers is 49.0% at primary level and 22% at secondary level in 2021-2022 (DGESS/MENAPLN, 2022). The security crisis that the country has been experiencing since 2014 has severely shaken the national education system. Girls are the hardest hit. This concern is also shared by the Forum for African Women Educationalists (FAWE) and the Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Transformations Économiques et Sociales (LARTES-IFAN), which, since 2021, with the technical and financial support of the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the Global Partnership for Education (GPE), have initiated and are implementing a programme to benefit four (04) countries, namely Burkina Faso, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Sao Tome and Principe and Chad. One of the main approaches used in implementing the project is TUSEME, which is a FAWE model aimed at empowering young people, especially girls. One of the strategic objectives of implementing the TUSEME approach is to create transformational leadership among girls and build their confidence and self-esteem to enable them to remain in the education system and successfully complete their schooling. A mixed qualitative and quantitative method was used to mobilise empirical data for this study. The article analyses the issues involved and the factors conducive to increasing girls' school retention and success rates: the case of the TUSEME project in Burkina Faso.

The study was conducted at Misamfu Aquaculture Research Station in Zambia to evaluate the morphology of three Oreochromis macrochir populations from Chambeshi, Kafue and Luapula rivers for recommendation to the species genetic improvement programme, as a prerequisite before a genetic improvement programme is undertaken. Body measurements were collected on 20 adult specimens of each population to study morphological differences among the three strains. Principal component analysis (PCA) for the three strains indicated no significant difference (p=0.351), with the first principal component (PC1), which is size, explained 59.7% of the variation while the second PC, which is the shape, explained 18.5 % of the variation. The variables that had high loadings on the second PC were PADC (80.7%), HED (73%) and VED (68.3%). Principal component analysis (PCA) of morphometric measurements between Chambeshi and Luapula indicated 75.2% of the variation was due to the first two components (PC1 [59%] and PC2 [16.2 %]). Analysis of variance on PC scores of PC2, whose shape, showed that there were significant differences (p=0.027) in shape between the two strains. The PCA between Chambeshi and Kafue indicated 82% of the variation was due to the first two components (PC1 [58.7%] and PC2 [23.3 %]). Analysis of variance on PC score of PC2 showed that the two strains were not significantly different (p=0.979) in shape. The PCA between Kafue and Luapula indicated 80.9% of the variation was due to the first two components (PC1 [61.8%] and PC2 [19.1%]). Analysis of variance on PC score of PC2 showed that the two strains were not significantly different (p=0.249) in shape. The study concluded that the Chambeshi with Kafue and, Luapula with Kafue strains were not significantly different in the measured parameters, while Chambeshi and Luapula differed significantly on the horizontal eye diameter, vertical eye diameter and the cheek depth, and therefore the observed differences could be attributed to geographical separation.

Hepatitis B is a viral infection that attacks the liver; its virus persists in the environment for more than 7 days. It is present in all biological fluids of infected subjects, mainly blood. Its main modes of transmission are: sexual, parenteral, maternal -fetal and horizontal transmission. This constitutes a public health problem. This is a prospective and descriptive study of an analytical type. It took place from September 1 to November 30, 2023. Objective: Determining the prevalence of HBsAg within the population of pregnant women admitted for consultation at the Saabou Health Center is the main objective of this study. Method: The Aichek -type chromatographic immune test technique for the detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen in serum is used. Results: Out of a total of 215 pregnant women tested, 7 were HBV positive, or 3.25%, compared to 208 HBV negative cases, or 96.75%. The 34-42 age group presents 4 positive HBV cases, or 57.14%. Brides, who are not only the most represented in the samples, are also the most affected by HBV with 5 positive cases, or 71.42%. Compared to the professional case, housewives were the most affected with 57.14%. Conclusion: this infectious disease is gaining ground; we must act at all levels to put an end to it. This study is part of an investigation campaign into the circulation of HBV among pregnant women in the Mamou prefecture.

This study determinedthe level of Awareness on the Lapu-Lapu City Ordinance No. 93 among the Fishermen in Barangay San Vicente, Barangay Tingo, and Barangay SabangLapu-Lapu City.Any infringement of a criminal statute specifically enacted to preserve wildlife is considered a wildlife crime, according to a widely used though extremely broad definition of the term. The laws usually cover animals (including mammals, reptiles, birds, amphibians, fish, and even insects), as well as certain plants (Gregorich, 1992; Muth & Bowe, 1998). The majority of the Philippines' regions are coastal, and it is believed that 70% of Filipinos reside there (Palomares and Pauly, 2014).In terms of the Philippine economy and food security, fishing is very important (Santos et al., 2011). Since poverty in the Philippines has remained persistently high and the population has increased, it is necessary to ensure the food supply to maintain feeding the population. Fisheries have a favorable nutritional impact as a source of vital protein and critical nutrients, making them a strategically significant aspect (Prein and Ahmed, 2000; Irz et al., 2007). To carry out this study, the researcher utilizeddescriptive method in describing, analyzing, and interpreting a quantitative data at Olango Island more particularly (San Vicente, Barangay Tingo, and Barangay Sabang) Lapu-Lapu City. It served as a fact-finding method in which the survey questionnaire served as the primary data gathering instrument in this study. Descriptive analysis includes adequate interpretation of the data gathered.This study was conducted in Olango Island, Lapu-Lapu City. Olango Island is composed of 8 barangays such as Barangay, Baring, Caw-oy, Sabang, Santa Rosa, Talima, Tingo, Tunga-san, and San Vicente. This study was conducted particularly in Barangay San Vicente, Barangay Tingo, and Barangay Sabang.The respondents of this study are limited to 150 fishermen from three chosen barangays, which are Tingo (50), San Vicente (50), and Sabang (50), which were chosen through non-probability sampling. The researchers chose Olango Island since it is a diverse coastal ecosystem, and the majority of its population relies on fishing as a livelihood.This research study utilized non-probability sampling method in determining the total sample population from the total population of all the chosen barangays. Individuals are selected based on non-random criteria, and not everyone has a chance of being included. The findings of the study then revealed that a lack of education and coordination made it hard to address the problem among fishermen’s awareness of Lapu-Lapu City Ordinance No. 93. On the other hand, there is an immense possibility that most of them only received second-hand knowledge without absolute knowledge of Lapu-Lapu City Ordinance No. 93. This means that there is a lack of informational drive and cooperation between the fishermen and the law enforcers against these illegal activities.