There are increasing numbers of pregnancies amongst many women of reproductive age. The relative risk of spontaneous abortion in these pregnancies remains unclear. Miscarriage is a public health issue throughout the world. The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with spontaneous abortion in women of reproductive age at Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital. The study also expounded on the total burden related to maternal abortion and miscarriage to help prevent such increased occurrences of spontaneous abortions. The study was conducted at JOOTRH in Kisumu County. Study design used was descriptive cross-sectional. The study population was women admitted at JOOTRH with a diagnosis of abortion. Sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The study selectively focused on women with the diagnosis of spontaneous abortions in JOOTRH between January 2020 and December 2020. The summary of the result obtained from the study; Out of 220 cases of spontaneous abortion, the mode age gap of occurrence was between 20-30 years with 116 cases. Majority of spontaneous abortions occurred before the gestational age of 12 weeks. Highest parity was among primiparous with 72 cases. Leading infections associated with spontaneous abortion were UTI by 38%, HIV by 33% and Malaria by 29%. Incomplete abortions were the most common type of spontaneous abortions at 63%. 75.91% (n=167) women had manual vacuum aspiration done to evacuate the remains of products of conception. 47 cases had a previous history of abortion. The prevalence of spontaneous abortion was highest among the second and third decades of maternal life owing to higher rates of birth within this age group. Manual vacuum aspiration is an effective tool in management of early pregnancy complications. Frequency of complications depends on gestational age at time of abortion. There is increased risk of abortion in subsequent pregnancies in mothers with a prior abortion history. Significant limitations encountered included inability to obtain data on ANC visit, lack of information on various infections such as Toxoplasmosis, Rubella, Herpes virus, Cytomegalovirus and Syphilis and inability to perform genetic karyotyping. A prospective study is therefore recommended.
