Social Sciences and Humanities

This study examined the issues of lobbying and advocacy for improved library development and services in Anambra state, Nigeria. It investigated the involvement of the librarians and their willingness to be trained on the strategies of lobbying and advocacy. It also identified the challenges that affect lobbying and advocacy. The descriptive survey research design was adopted using designed questionnaire for data collection.

This study analyzes the effect of the medieval Persian poet Ḥāfiẓ Shīrāzī (d. 791/1389)—in his poetic language, thought, philosophy, and teachings—on modern Iranians. By exploring Ḥāfiẓ’s verses and applying them to different modes and times through the modern society, I hope to demonstrate the extent of Ḥāfiẓ’s influence on the people of Iran and the nation’s attitude toward the poet. Ḥāfiẓ’s importancein Iranian society cannot be underestimated.

The politicization of religion in the last few decades has created a climate ripe for religious resurgence in all areas of the world. The decreased role of religion among societies and effective secularization and modernization of the West have directly influence opposing factors of “religious resurgence”, “religious fundamentalism”, and “religious revivalism” as a sense of cultural preservation and balancing new social, economic, emotional and interllectural side effects of modernization growth (Sahliyeh, 1990).

Urban historical textures are part of the national and cultural heritage of a country that is not only from an aesthetic perspective, continuation of collective memories, but also due to being the residence and living place of millions of people are valuable.