October 2023

Antecedentes: La hipotensión durante la anestesia neuroaxial para la cirugía cesárea es aún un problema clínico común, en particular en la anestesia espinal. Existen estudios sobre la presencia de la hipotensión al utilizar Ropivacaína intratecal en pacientes a quienes se les realizó cesárea, obteniendo una prevalencia variable. Existen estudios con reportes de hipotensión que va desde un 3% hasta reportes de un 30%, dando como resultado una menor prevalencia de hipotensión arterial en comparación con otros anestésicos locales. En el presente estudio se evaluará la prevalencia de hipotensión arterial en pacientes sometidas a cesárea posterior a la administración de ropivacaína isobárica intratecal en el Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”. Objetivos: Observar la prevalencia de hipotensión arterial posterior a la administración de espinal de ropivacaína en pacientes sometidas a cesárea realizadas en el Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga” Metodología: Estudio transversal, retrospectivo, descriptivo, observacional. El estudio se realizará con base a la revisión de expedientes clínicos y hojas transanestésicas de pacientes obstétricas sometidas a cirugía cesárea a quienes se les administro ropivacaína isobárica en bloqueo neuroaxial subaracnoideo,basado en revisión de expedientes clínicos del servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia en el Hospital General de México, tomando en cuenta desde el de marzo del 2021 hasta marzo del 2022. Resultados: La prevalencia de hipotensión arterial en pacientes que fueron sometidas a cesárea a quienes se les administro ropivacaína isobárica en el espacio subaracnoideo fue de 5 de 18 pacientes presentado un un porcentaje de 27.77%. Conclusiones: El porcentaje de pacientes a quienes se les administro éste anestésico local fue mínimo, mientras que la presentación de hipotensión arterial fue relativamente baja, similar a la descrita en la literatura, sin embargo, hubo una taza alta de uso de medicación de rescate en las pacientes quienes presentaron hipotensión.

With this subject who am I to speak? Was it not said: "Not to swim against the current?" Why then am I ignoring sound advice? Mainly because I have little choice, I was brought forth to teach, and I abhor falsehood. Since then I have brought forth the parts of nature to their nomenclature, I ought to complete upon it, if only to the welfare of future mankind.

The study's objective was to identify and assess unique cybersecurity challenges in academic institutions, including vulnerabilities in interconnected networks and the diverse user base. This study targeted students, faculty members, administration, and IT staff. The study showed that 68% expressed a high or concerned level of cybersecurity worry. The key challenges highlighted were phishing attacks (68%), lack of awareness and training (63%), unauthorized access (61%), weak passwords (59%), malware/ransomware (39%), lack of resources (37%), and inadequate network protection (34%). Cybersecurity measures were deemed ineffective (39%), moderately effective (22%), or highly effective (14.6%). Notable vulnerabilities within interconnected networks included outdated software/systems (58.5%), insider threats (56.1%), weak encryption (56.1%), third-party vulnerabilities (41.5%), and misconfigured devices (31.7%). Network vulnerability assessments were infrequent (65.4%). The major obstacles to the implementation of effective cybersecurity measures were lack of budget/resources (65.9%), limited awareness (63.4%), insufficient staff expertise (53.7%), and resistance to new tech (51.2%). The study revealed reported cybersecurity incidents or breaches (48.8%), underscoring the importance of preventive measures and incident response strategies to safeguard sensitive data and institutional integrity. The study recommended the Implementation of mandatory annual cybersecurity training and establishment of clear incident response protocols; Conducting of regular network vulnerability assessments and promote collaboration and ongoing training and lastly; Launch cybersecurity awareness campaigns and encourage two-factor authentication for academic accounts.

Background: smartphones this days became very important in our life for communication, work, learning, gaming. It is irreplaceable But it also has many of disadvantages , people using it for a very long time which called smartphone overuse and Unfortunately, all this time people spend using the smartphone is in a faulty posture for neck and shoulders. Which cause muscle imbalance around the neck and shoulders and itconsequently affect muscles of respiration. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of smart phone over use on posture and flow meter among asthmatic patients..

Background: The Rohingya refugee crisis has resulted in a significant population of displaced individuals who are currently seeking refuge in refugee camps located in Bangladesh. These individuals are confronted with a multitude of health-related obstacles. In densely populated and resource-constrained environments, the prevalence of communicable diseases, including but not limited to diarrhea, tuberculosis (TB), dengue, and malaria, presents substantial hazards. Aim of the study: The purpose of this study is to assess association of the Socio-Demographic factors with different communicable and non-communicable diseases among the Rohingya refugee population. Methods: a prospective, cross-sectional study of the Rohingya population (N=3060) in Bangladeshi refugee camps. After receiving voluntary consent, information was gathered through in-person interviews utilizing a language-validated, pretested questionnaire on knowledge, attitude and behavioral practices. Prospectively obtained trial registration and ethical approval randomized, non probability and purposivesampling methods were followed. Results: A total of 3060 individual refugee people from different refugee camps where water borne diseases, tuberculosis, mosquito borne diseases, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and iron deficiency anemia had 504, 523, 511, 504, 517 and 501 respondents respectively. Socio-Demographic variables had found significant association on different diseases knowledge and practice part. Age groups had significantly associated with practice part “Do you wash your hands after defecation with soap?” variables (p<.05). Gender had significantly associated with practice part “Do you cook your foods properly?” variable (p<.001).Age groups had significant association with “Do you know what TB is?” variable (p<.05). Age groups had found significant association with “Do you know about Mosquito-borne disease?” variable (p<.001) and with “Do you know the causes of Mosquito-borne disease?” variable (p<.001). Monthly family income had found significant association with “Do you take sufficient fruits and vegetables regularly?” variable (p<.05), and with “Do you have regular meals daily?” variable (p<.05). Discussions & Conclusion: The results of the study highlight the significance of various factors, including age, gender, educational attainment, and job title, in influencing refugees' perceptions of illnesses and health-related behaviors. The findings of this study hold considerable implications for health intervention strategies pertaining to refugees. In order to enhance awareness and prevention of illnesses, it is imperative to design health education initiatives that are customized to cater to the unique requirements of diverse age cohorts, genders, and educational levels. The study has significant ramifications for refugee-related health intervention techniques. To improve illness awareness and prevention, health education programs must be specifically tailored to the needs of various age groups, genders, and educational backgrounds. The Rohingya refugee population can benefit from improved health outcomes and a decrease in the burden of infectious and non-communicable diseases through promoting hygiene habits, disease-specific knowledge, and lifestyle changes.

Awareness of the prevalence Effective Human Resource Management practices such as training and development, reward management, employee recognition as well and health and safety are regarded as key components for any organisation/s employee retention success. The purpose of this research was to uncover how employees place significance in these said Human Resources practices on their retention. Data was collected using interviews which were done to the sample of 100 individuals. Through critical analysis of the data, the researcher brought to light that training and development, reward management, employee recognition, and health and safety are all significant for employee retention. Based on the results it was discovered that training and development, health and safety, and employee recognition were very crucial to employee retention, while reward management was significant but only when it was fair and understandable to everyone. This could be attributed to the phase in which the research was conducted where everyone considered the salaries to be not significant to warrant one's retention. The study recommended several interventions that organizations may use to strengthen their retention strategies, these among others included ensuring that an organization's reward system takes into consideration employees' qualifications, skills, expertise, and industry standards so that employees feel that they are being properly rewarded.

The study ascertained the best fit model for the attitude toward guns and violence of police officers in Region XII in relation to aggression, organizational control, and conflict management. This quantitative non-experimental research used the descriptive-causal design. Structural equation model (SEM) was employed in this study with 400 police officers as respondents selected through stratified sampling technique. Data were collected using structured, standardized instruments which were tested for content validity and reliability. The tools used included the mean, standard deviation, Pearson product-moment correlation and structural equation model (SEM). Results disclosed that the level of aggression among police officers was low; the level of organizational control was very high; the level of conflict management was very high; and the level of attitude toward guns and violence of police officers was very low. Moreover, the three exogenous variables posted significant relationship with attitude toward guns and violence. In addition, aggression, organizational control, and conflict management significantly influenced attitude toward guns and violence. Of the five generated models, Model 5 was found to be the most parsimonious model for attitude toward guns and violence.

The most prevalent benign tumour originating from fat cells is a lipoma. It is frequently referred to as a universal tumour or a widespread tumour. Modern science has described several different forms of lipomas, including the uncommon pedunculated lipoma, which is often treated by excision. In Ayurveda, lipoma can be compared with the Medaj Granthi. Ksharasutra ,which has a low recurrence rate, is the least invasive and established treatment of Ayurveda. In this present study a 55year old male patient consulted in the Shalya OPD of GAM, Puri, complaining of large swelling and lump like structure on his back of the left thigh since 5 years & gradually increasing in size. He also complained of mild itching and discomfort. Clinical findings, revealed it has pedunculated of lipoma. This case is managed by transfixation and ligation with Apamarga Ksharsutra.

Every single work is performed successfully through observance of discipline. Disciplined individual succeeds and reaches greater heights. Discipline is not learned overnight. It is a process that is learned and mastered from home to school. Schools established a set of rules for students to abide by and to create a safe and healthy environment. This descriptive quantitative research design reviews and assesses the common offenses committed by university students from SY 2016-2020.The results of the study showed a decreasing trend in both light and serious offenses committed by students over the years though it showed a little increase a year before the pandemic. None of the departments are spared of offenders. The number of excluded students from the university for the past four years is only .26% of the entire university population. Given the findings, school policies on students’ discipline stipulated are widely disseminated and known to Basic Education and university students.

Gemcitabine (pyrimidine analog 2′, 2′-difluorodeoxycytidine) is a nucleoside analog that has been used as a chemotherapeutic drug for more than 15 years. It was classified as an antimetabolite with many brand names including Gemzar. This drug cannot differentiate between normal cell and malignant cell, so it produces its toxic effect on both cells as the toxic impacts transfer from the tumor cells to the normal cells. Hepatotoxicity is the less well-known aspect of gemcitabine treatment, and there is little information about the underlying mechanism. In this broad context of interest in the potential hepatotoxicity of gemcitabine. Garlic (Allium sativum) has been used as a folk medicine and flavoring agent since ancient time. Accumulating evidences have demonstrated that garlic have numerous beneficial effects for healthy including anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-cancer. There is limited information on the possible protective effect of garlic extract on gemcitabine induced-hepatotoxicity. Therefore, aim of current study to demonstrate the effect of garlic extract (Allium Sativum) on hepatotoxicity induced by gemcitabine in rabbits. Twenty seven adult, healthy male and female local rabbits were used in this work, divided randomly into three equal groups; group (I), animals of control group received normal saline intraperitoneally injection once per week for six weeks; group (II), animals of treated group received 25 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally injection of gemcitabine once per week for six successive weeks; group (III), served as protective group and was concomitantly treated with garlic extract by oral gavages in a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight and gemcitabine in a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally injection once per week for six successive weeks. The results of the present investigation showed that gemcitabine toxicity produced significant disturbance in the normal architecture with evidence of structural changes in the liver of group II, gemcitabine treated group. The hepatotoxicity manifested by severely congested blood sinusoids, distortion of hepatocytes and focal necrosis. In addition, some hepatocytes were dissociated from hepatic cords, indicating liver injury. Presence of necrotic and hemorrhagic spots between the liver cells, vacuolation of the cytoplasm of pericentral hepatocytes had been also noticed. From the findings of our present study on domestic rabbits can be considered the liver as a target for gemcitabine, which expose to this compound can cause histological damage on hepatic tissue. Whereas, sections from the liver of animals received therapeutic dose of gemcitabine and treated with garlic extract, group (III), were showed that the severe hepatic lesions induced by gemcitabine were significantly decreased by the treatment with garlic extract. There were no obvious pathological changes, nearly normal liver histology was observed, except mild to moderate congestion and some hemorrhagic spots in central veins. The hepatocytes were appeared similar to normal. Based on our present study that indicated that the garlic extract possesses protective ability against - gemcitabine induced liver injury and might be an effective alternative medicine against acute oxidative liver toxicity. Therefore, the consumption of garlic may provide some kind of protection from cancer development.

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea is defined as menstrual pain that is not associated with macroscopic pathology .It is typically occurs in the first few years after menarche and affects as many as 50% of post pubertal females .Purpose: of this study was to investigate the relationship between lumbopelvic alignment and severity of primary dysmenorrhea. Methods: Fifty adolescent female suffering from primary dysmenorrhea; their ages ranged from 15 to 25 years old and their BMI ranged from 19.5 to 27.9 Kg/m2 ,were selected from outpatient clinics of Gynecology in One Day Surgeries Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. They were assigned into 2groups equal in number according to severity of pain. Group (A);(n=25)suffered from mild primary dysmenorrhea and group (B);(n=25) suffered from severe primary dysmenorrhea. Evaluation of severity of primary dysmenorrhea was done for all participants in both groups (A&B) using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Verbal multidimensional scoring system (VMSS). Radiography and Surgimap software program were used to assess and analyze lumbopelvic alignment in the form of three angles (pelvic tilt , sacral slope ,lumbar lordosis).Measurement was done for one shot for participants in both groups (A&B). Results; showed that there was a statistical significant increase in the mean values of sacral slope in group (B) than group (A),and a statistical significant decrease in the mean values of pelvic tilt in group (B)than group (A) (P=0.018), (P=0.047) respectively while there was no statistical significant difference in mean values of lumbar lordotic angle between the two groups(A&B)(P=0.547).Also, there was a statistical significant inverse correlation between sacral slope and pelvic tilt in both groups (A&B) (p=0.010) . There was a statistical significant direct correlation between sacral slope and lumbar lordotic angle in both groups (A&B) (p=0.001). Conclusion: It could be concluded that lumbopelvic misalignment could increase intensification ofdysmenorrhic pain and might be associated with severe degree of primary dysmenorrhea.

This study explored the experiences of Lesbian Police Officers assigned in Cebu City Police Office (CCPO). Specifically, this study sought to answer the following questions: the experiences of the informants in the performance of their duties, the informants handling the challenges encountered in the performance of their duties and the impact of the informants’ sexual orientation in the performance of their duties. This study utilized the qualitative research method and employed a phenomenological approach through in-depth interviews. Using a validated interview guide with open-ended questions prepared by the researcher, six (6) informants were all interviewed individually, while four (4) were in a focused group discussion. Colaizzi’s thematic analysis was used to analyzed the data collected. The study was conducted in Cebu City. Three themes summarized the positive experiences of the informants. These were: Family Is the Biggest Support System, Acceptance Is the Road to Change, Unwavering Dedication Towards Job, Turning into A New Leaf. As to the negative experiences, the themes revealed were: Dominated by Rules, Homophobic Remarks, Facing Barriers. As to how do the informants handle the challenges encountered in the performance of their duties, the following themes are: No Prejudice and Discrimination, Turn A Blind Eye, Optimistic View of Life. Lastly, the Impact of the informant’s sexual orientation in the performance of their duties, the themes are the following: Wholehearted Commitment Towards Work, Triumph Over Fears, Organizational Diversity and Inclusion, Spirit of Camaraderie and Kindness. The study further revealed that lesbian police officers are a vital part of the police force and breaks down stereotypes about the members of the LGBTQIA+ who wants to be a part of law enforcement. Women, in general are as capable and efficient in Police work.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading global cause of morbidity and mortality. Timely identification of individuals at risk is paramount for effective interventions and prevention. This study endeavors to develop machine learning approaches for predicting the initial cardiovascular risk level analyzing the dataset encompassing patient demographics, medical history, lifestyle factors, and clinical indicators. Patient characteristics, including age, gender, diabetes or hypertension presence, smoking status, and physical activity level, along with medical indicators such as blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose levels, are considered. Diverse machine learning algorithms—logistic regression, decision tree classifier, random forests, linear SVC, naive bayes, and neural network—are employed to train and optimize predictive models. Evaluation metrics (accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and AUC-ROC) assess model performance. Accurate risk prediction models hold significance in aiding healthcare decisions, optimizing resource allocation, and enhancing patient outcomes. Identifying high-risk individuals early enables preventive strategies and personalized interventions, reducing the CVD burden. Study objectives encompass dataset preprocessing, exploratory analysis, feature selection and engineering, model training and optimization, and performance evaluation. Findings contribute to cardiovascular risk prediction, presenting a robust model for accurate risk assessment and improved patient outcomes.