Purpose: This study assesses the impact of NEP-2020 on undergraduate colleges in Nadia District, focusing on student adaptation, academic performance, and the effectiveness of the new major-minor course structure. It examines how students from both urban and rural backgrounds are coping with the transition, highlighting key challenges and opportunities. Methodology: The research adopts a qualitative approach, analysing pass rates, subject-wise performance, and student feedback from colleges affiliated with Kalyani University. Data was collected from institutional reports, university records, and official government documents. Findings: Results indicate that while NEP-2020 offers greater academic flexibility and skill-oriented learning, students face increased academic pressure, digital accessibility issues, and a lack of structured guidance. The overall pass rates (75–85%) in 2022–23 reflect a return to pre-pandemic levels, but rural colleges witnessed a sharp decline compared to urban institutions. Research Limitations: The study is limited to undergraduate colleges in Nadia District and does not include postgraduate programs or institutions outside the region. Long-term effects of NEP-2020 on employability and research outcomes require further investigation. Practical Implication: The study provides actionable insights for universities, policymakers, and educators to improve faculty training, digital accessibility, and student support services. Addressing these issues can enhance the effectiveness of NEP-2020 implementation. Social Implication: The findings highlight the widening gap between urban and rural students, emphasizing the need for inclusive educational reforms to ensure equitable learning opportunities. Originality: This study presents first-hand empirical data on NEP-2020’s curriculum impact in Nadia District, making it a valuable reference for future academic and policy discussions.
