Mushrooms are macrofungi that exist everywhere around us. Theyhave significant roles in human life as source of nutrition and bioactive compounds. Many aquatic isolatedfungi and mushrooms have been reported as promising biotechnological tools for production of secondary metabolites of various biologically activities. Recently, Psathyrella aquatica has been discovered in Rogue River, Oregon, United States. Psathyrella aquatic represents a novel taxon within the family Psathyrellaceae in the large polyphyletic genus Psathyrella, and is considered asthe only reported aquatic gilled mushroom till now. Aquatic gilled mushrooms are especially interesting due to the rareness of Basidiomycetes that can grow underwater. In this review, the ecology, occurrence, of unique aquatic gilled mushroomsare described, and available information about the novel mushroom P. aquatica was highlighted.
