Indo-Myanmar border trade are governed by the kind of human groups living in border areas. By this, we mean the ethnic composition on both sides of the boundary. The economy of the border areas is always of supplementary and complimentary nature and this aspect of economy should always be kept in mind while promoting the border trade. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the socio-economic condition of Indo-Myanmar boundary of Mizoram state. India is an emerging power with fast economic growth, geographic size, natural resources, and dynamic population. It has adopted a new foreign policy and economic orientation towards its South East Asian bordering neighbours including Myanmar. India and Myanmar had trade relations between themselves for a number of centuries. The coming of the British simply accelerated the economic importance of India and Burma to each other. The trade relations which had been established continued even after independence. Of course, their general economic policies, as well as the fact that they were both economically under-developed affected their economic relationship. Unlike India, Myanmar, while emphasizing the need for economic development, did not appear to have any interest in accepting foreign aid. This was at least true up to the middle of 1949. Perhaps, till then, she expected too much from her own internal resources, like nationalization scheme, and state control of foreign trade. The evolution of the Mizo and other sub-tribes depicts their migratory nature in the beginning of their habitation in Mizoram. These Kuki-Chin groups of Tibeto-Burman branch of Indo-Mongoloid race came to the present Mizoram in different waves and occupied the area where they could find suitable land for agriculture, besides consideration of their security. They occupied the land which was either virgin or captured the land by driving out earlier settlers in the North or the West. But their migratory nature did not change and as such, they went on changing the places of habitation. There was no permanent settlement till the advent of the British administration at the end of the last century.
