Torque is the third key of the occlusion, described by Andrews in the year 1976 as the inclination of the dental crown antero-posteriorly in the anterior teeth and traversal in the posterior teeth. It is the force that gives the operator control over them movements of roots of teeth. It is a very important feature to be included. It is moment based on sheer stress that causes rotation and in orthodontics it is the bucco-palatal crown/root inclination of a tooth. We will be discussing about the historical perspective of using torque incorporation in different system, the various torquing auxiliaries that were used in various systems from past till present.
Paper No:
3015
