This article attempts to examine the relationship between the peasantry and armed groups during conflicts in the Dogon region of central Mali. The study highlights, on the one hand, the contexts in which armed conflicts occur and, on the other hand, the socio-economic relationships between populations and armed groups. Thus, these conflicts are initially perceived as a source of despair and destruction of the socio-economic activities necessary for the survival of peasants. Secondly, the conflicts, through attacks on the population, the burning of entire villages, ripe fields and crops, and the prohibition of agricultural activities, have broken the dynamics of the region's rural economy. However, the relationship between armed groups and rural populations is also evolving from normative sharing to economic and social exploitation.
