June 2025

Communities play a vital role in preventing and responding to the risks children face in most humanitarian settings, they organize themselves in several ways to protect children who are at risk. In situation of displacement, community networks may at times be disrupted or changed due to a significant and abrupt change. Such changes and disruption weaken the ability of the community to protect children. At times risk originates from the community members making them a source of risk.

This study presents the design, development, and implementation of an RFID-based Verification System for managing gate entry and exit at Eastern Visayas State University – Ormoc Campus (EVSU-OC). Addressing the limitations of manual identity verification processes, the system was developed using agile methodology, integrating stakeholder feedback across iterative cycles to enhance usability and functionality. The solution includes RFID-embedded ID cards for students, employees, and temporary cards for vendors and visitors, supported by a web-based interface and centralized database for real-time monitoring. A five-day test implementation was conducted, capturing quantitative and qualitative data from system logs, user interactions, and performance feedback. The system achieved an accuracy rate of 85.56% in verifying identities, with observed delays primarily attributed to internet connectivity issues. Technical refinements such as cooldown mechanisms, loading indicators, and bcrypt encryption were incorporated to improve reliability and security. Despite minor challenges, the system demonstrated effectiveness and adaptability, highlighting its potential as a scalable solution for campus access control.

Identification of the accused is the crucial aspect of the investigation of a crime. Without proper identification of an accused, it is virtually impossible to complete a criminal investigation. One way to identify the offender or accused particularly when he is unknown to a prime witness, would be the process of Test Identification Parade. So, TIP is widely used as the method of identifying the suspect in criminal cases. But there has been serious concern regarding its reliability and admissibility in evidence why because it may every chance to go for wrong convictions otherwise. The Apex court have delivered so many verdicts in this issue. This research paper scrutinizes the constitutionality of TIPs with respect to the Right against self-incrimination under the Indian Constitution. In addition, in this paper, the researcher tries to provide suggestions for potential improvements in the Criminal Justice System regarding the use of Test Identification Parade. By evaluating TIP’s evidentiary value, under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniayam,2023 may aims to improve India’s legal system and ensures that Justice must be seems to be delivered and TIP becomes effective and reliable in the CJS of India.

The article analyzes the point of view of women in Higher Education in Cabinda, about challenges and ethics in professional life. These points of view were collected through a questionnaire survey with closed questions, on a Likert scale from 1 to 5. The answers from the 25 women interviewed were processed using simple statistics, with the support of the SPSS program, and the opinions regarding open questions were not subject to analysis, taking into account that the study required in-depth data in a timely manner. The results point to Factors Influencing the massive adherence of women to the teaching and non-teaching profession; Commitments and responsibilities of university women; Challenges of University Women. According to the women questioned, those who take on management positions or not in balancing professional and domestic life have not been able to reconcile professional and domestic life, except in knowing how to reconcile domestic tasks and professional tasks.

This paper uses N'gugi wa Thiong'o's The River Between and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichié's The Thing around your Neck to explore the ongoing changes brought about by interdisciplinarity in some African education systems. Its mainquest is to find a successful model of learning that reflects intercultural realities. To achieve this, it uses Zilberberg and Fontanille's tensive modelization, to analyse the intensity and extensity of the values contained in the phenomena observed in educational systems. Through the life of the characters in the corpus, it draws up a traditional and modern representation of learning process and analyses the variations in interdisciplinary relations. As a result, it offers a broad institutional understanding of multidisciplinary education systems, including diverse cultural values.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of William Shakespeare's personal values and beliefs, highlighting the challenges in determining them due to the lack of material evidence. Through his literary works, Shakespeare delves into a myriad of topics, including philosophy, culture, science, human anatomy, atoms, matter, and planetary motion, indicating his exposure to and familiarity with contemporary scientific concepts. Methodologically, this paper employs literary analysis, and finding excerpts from the literary texts of Shakespeare’s plays which suggest his developing knowledge of science, medicine, astronomy, etc. The main focus of this paper is the evolution of Shakespeare's vision, contrasting the old and the new worldviews. Early in his career, Shakespeare adhered to the medieval practice of linking physical traits to character. However, a noticeable shift towards modern attitudes is evident in his later works. The results demonstrate that Shakespeare's works, including "Hamlet," "Twelfth Night," "Romeo and Juliet," "King Lear," and "Macbeth," demonstrate his knowledge of matter, weight, and human anatomy. His depiction of anatomical details suggests a gradual departure from the humoral theory, opening the door to new perspectives on the human body. This shift implies a move towards the idea that a person's mood, disposition, and actions are governed by free will and reason. Shakespeare's inquisitiveness and appreciation for scientific advancements are evident throughout his works. By questioning the old system and embracing new principles, Shakespeare's evolving thought encourages audiences to challenge hierarchical structures and consider the equality of all individuals.

Rural road infrastructure is a crucial component in promoting economic growth, especially in rural economies characterized by small-scale farming. These roads are vital for connecting isolated communities to crucial social services, including education, healthcare, and markets, which support enhanced livelihood outcomes. In Kenya, rural regions are inadequately developed in terms of road infrastructure, which may hinder access to social services and perpetuate cycles of poverty among agricultural households. This study investigates the effect of access to social services due to rural road Infrastructure on the livelihood outcomes of small-scale farmers in Upper Eastern Region, Kenya. This study examines the relationship between enhanced rural road networks and access to education, healthcare, and markets, and how this affects the livelihood outcomes of small-scale farmers. The research employed a descriptive survey approach based on positivist philosophy. Data was obtained from a stratified random sample of 395 households spanning Meru and Embu Counties. Reflexive comparison and correlational analysis were utilized to assess the impacts of road infrastructure pre- and post-construction. Regression analyses was performed to ascertain the relationship between social service access and livelihood outcomes, informed by the Sustainable Livelihood Framework and the Welfare Pentagon. Research indicated enhanced physical accessibility to educational institutions, particularly privately-owned primary schools, and an increase in private healthcare services subsequent to rural road construction. Market access markedly enhanced, decreasing journey duration and augmenting interaction with buyers. Nonetheless, despite these advancements, regression analysis revealed that enhanced access to education (β = -0.187), health services (β = -0.094), and markets (β = 0.148) exerted no statistically significant impact on livelihood outcomes (p > 0.05). Challenges including the affordability and quality of private services, low quality, and postponed socio-economic gains from education were recognized as constraining factors. While rural road infrastructure has facilitated access to social services, it is inadequate to substantially improve the livelihood results of small-scale farmers. Affordability, service quality, and socio-economic factors influence the advantages of access. The report advocates for cohesive development strategies that merge infrastructure investments with specific policies to enhance service affordability and pertinence. Prolonged investigation is essential to evaluate deferred effects and identify indirect advantages. Holistic approaches are crucial for converting rural road development into concrete and sustainable enhancements in rural livelihoods.