December 2025

Ayurveda is the science which deals with the health of human being. Ayurveda is an ancient system of Indian medicine and its main objective is to maintain the optimum level of a healthy individual and treat the diseased one. The ancient texts of traditional science described Rachna Sharir as important aspect of Ayurveda which plays significant role for understanding structural concept of human body. Ayurveda classics described –“Dosha Dhatu Mala Mulam Hi Sharirm’’, these basic elements are circulating through Dhamini, Sira and Srotas in our body and transportation takes place. It is necessary to analyze the word Sira. As per the ancient classics and the text of present authors. The term is as old as Vedas. It is said that the word Sira is derived from the vedic term Hira4. The Hira is described as blood carrying channel towards the heart. Sira is used to represent tubular structure to carry materials such as Rasa, Rakta and it is one of the synonyms of srotas. Previously sira sharir has been studied by many scholars in various contexts but there are not yet studied in reference with ‘to structure included under term sira’.

The global increase in bacterial resistance poses a significant threat, jeopardizing the effectiveness of antibiotics. Therefore, the development of new and efficient antimicrobial agents is pre-dominant. Taking this into consideration, in the present study, we designed and reported the facile synthesis of two novel series benzothiazole–triazole and thiazolidinone-appended benzothiazole–triazole hybrids using a molecular hybridization approach in a one-pot process. The synthesized compounds were tested for microbial growth inhibition against bacterial and fungal strains. Among all the synthetics, compounds derived from methoxyphenyl and heteroaromatic ring substitutions exhibited promising inhibitory activity. The current investigation has emphasized that benzothiazole–triazole hybrids incorporating thiazolidinone can be a promising and potent category of molecules with potential biological activities. This sustainable and eco-friendly protocol involves the metal-free, catalyst-free synthesis of bioactive scaffolds, which merges broad tolerance for functional groups with a short reaction time, resulting in good to excellent yields.

Background: Malignant melanoma, a tumor arising from melanocytes, remains a significant global health challenge due to its high metastatic potential and increasing incidence, particularly in Western populations. While it represents a small fraction of skin cancers, it accounts for the majority of skin cancer-related deaths. Objective: This article provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of melanoma, covering its epidemiology, clinical and histological diagnosis, staging, and evolving therapeutic strategies. Methods: A review of clinical characteristics (ABCDE criteria), histopathological markers (Breslow thickness, Clark level), and molecular profiles (BRAF, NRAS, KIT mutations) was conducted based on the latest international guidelines, including AJCC 8th edition and ESMO 2025. Results: Early diagnosis is critical, as 5-year survival rates exceed 95% for localized lesions (Breslow < 0.75 mm) but drop significantly for regional and distant metastatic disease. The diagnostic process has been enhanced by dermoscopy and specific immunohistochemical markers such as PRAME and HMB-45. Furthermore, the management of advanced stages has been revolutionized by the introduction of neoadjuvant and adjuvant immunotherapies (anti-PD-1) and targeted therapies (BRAF/MEK inhibitors), which have significantly improved progression-free and overall survival. Conclusion: The prognosis of melanoma is increasingly dependent on molecular characterization and the timely integration of systemic therapies. While surgical excision remains the gold standard for early-stage disease, the shift toward multidisciplinary neoadjuvant approaches marks a new era in the treatment of high-risk patients.

Advances in geomatics and computational astronomy enable rigorous quantitative analysis of potential terrestrial–celestial spatial correspondences. This study investigates whether summit-point distributions in the Bosnian Valley of the Pyramids exhibit statistically meaningful geometric similarities with the angular configuration of the Pleiades star cluster (M45). Using LiDAR-derived elevation models, geodetic summit coordinates, and astronomical catalog data, we construct normalized distance matrices and evaluate rotational similarity, Fibonacci-ratio proportions, and angular-alignment tolerances under formal geometric and statistical criteria. Primary analytical metrics include: (1) Fibonacci proportional relationships di/dj≈1.618d_i/d_j \approx 1.618di/dj≈1.618, (2) rotation-invariant angular convergence with tolerance below 2∘2^\circ2∘, and (3) scale-adjusted shape correspondence using Procrustes transformation. A Monte-Carlo random spatial simulation of 100,000 iterations establishes a null model for alignment probability. Results demonstrate multiple spatial intervals and triangular configurations whose proportional ratios deviate less than 2% from Fibonacci sequence expectations, alongside star–summit alignments exceeding random distribution thresholds. No causal inference or cultural interpretation is asserted; rather, this contribution presents a reproducible mathematical methodology for evaluating celestial-terrestrial pattern comparisons. Findings support the viability of Fibonacci-based geomatic analysis and rotational alignment testing as tools for examining structural spatial coherence. Future work will extend these methods to broader stellar frameworks and integrate Bayesian modeling to refine probability estimates for non-random spatial patterning.

TiAlN coated carbide tools prepared by arc ion deposition (AIP) can be applied to high-speed, full-dry and semi-dry cutting due to their high thermal oxidation resistance and high wear resistance and low friction coefficient, which can greatly increase productivity. To improve the adhesion strength of TiAlN films, a TiAl intermediate layer was introduced between the substrate and the TiAlNcoating, and the effect of the thickness of the intermediate layer on the adhesion strength of TiAlN films was simulated and experimentally verified. Three-dimensional models of TiAlN coated tools were developed to reflect the actual operating conditions and the simulation on the stresses occurred in the intermediate layer under bending loads and thermal loads was carried out through the finite element analysis software ANSYS 19.0. The whole model was constructed for different intermediate layer thicknesses, respectively, and the stresses and strains generated in the intermediate layer were analyzed through simulations. The stress distribution values obtained from the simulation results were compared with the experimental adhesion strength results and the relationship between the stress occurred in the intermediate layer and the adhesion strength was analyzed. The maximum adhesion strength of the coating was 42.7 N for interlayer thickness of W = 0.8㎛, while the bending stress occurring in the considered region at different load conditions (mechanical and thermal loading) was 24.7 MPa, thermal stress 390 GPa and thermal strain 460㎛ were minimized

Against the backdrop of New Liberal Arts development, this study centers on transforming Understanding Contemporary China: A Chinese-English Translation Textbook into "learning-oriented materials". Utilizing test questions from the Translation section of the "FLTRP Cup National Foreign Language Proficiency Competition for University Students", it tested 67 students at R University and analyzed their translations. The findings reveal that: students' translation errors predominantly fall into four categories: missing subjects/predicates, part-of-speech misuse, subject-verb disagreement, and mistranslation of culture-loaded terms; High-scoring students (top 10) tended to accumulate cultural expressions through authentic materials like the English edition of China Daily, while low-scoring students (bottom 10) relied more on exam-oriented training; The accuracy rate for grammatical explicit terminology was higher than for implicit terminology requiring cultural decoding, highlighting students' shortcomings in Chinese literacy and cross-cultural cognition. Based on this, a three-dimensional transformation strategy is proposed: integrating instrumental and humanistic teaching approaches, restructuring textbook content to enhance contrastive Chinese-English thinking skills, and constructing authentic-material-driven learning pathways. This study provides practical evidence for innovating foreign language teaching materials and has practical significance for cultivating students' ability to "tell China's stories well in English."

This study explores how the perceived ease of availability of teaching jobs influences the career choices of undergraduate students in Ludhiana, Punjab. In the city’s educational landscape, where private schools, coaching centres and tuition opportunities are widespread, teaching is often viewed as an accessible and practical option compared to careers that demand higher competition, relocation or greater financial investment. The study investigates whether this perception encourages students to select teaching as their first preference or as a fallback when other options seem uncertain. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among undergraduate students from Arts, Commerce and Science streams in selected colleges in Ludhiana. The questionnaire measured perceived ease of availability, intrinsic and altruistic motivations, economic considerations and intention to pursue teaching. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regression to identify whether ease of availability predicts teaching career intentions independently of other influential factors. The study is expected to show that ease of availability significantly shapes students’ decisions, particularly for those who consider teaching a safe or convenient alternative. It is also anticipated that the effect may be stronger among female students and those from rural areas, for whom local employment and accessibility carry added value. These insights highlight how local labour-market conditions and accessibility perceptions influence teacher supply in Punjab. While the availability of teaching roles ensures a consistent flow of candidates, the findings raise important questions about long-term commitment and professional alignment among entrants. The study offers evidence-informed implications for teacher-education institutions, career counsellors and policymakers seeking to improve recruitment quality, motivation and retention within Punjab’s teaching workforce.