Social Sciences and Humanities

The maritime industry occupies a central position in the global economic system by enabling the international movement of goods, raw materials, and energy resources. Approximately ninety percent of world trade by volume and more than seventy percent by value are transported by sea, making shipping the backbone of international commerce. Without efficient maritime transportation, global supply chains would collapse, affecting industrial production, consumer markets, and economic stability across nations.

This study seeks to analyze the influence of major economic events, including recessions and interest rate hikes, on stock market performance. The primary tool utilized is the Market Crisis Prediction System, which was developed and is available on GitHub. The analysis is based on a dataset obtained from Kaggle, which encompasses stock data from over 9,000 companies, spanning from 1962 to 2024. The research employs time series methods, event studies, and regression models to detect patterns and assess the impact of these events.

The article deals with the war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and the application of sanctions against Russia by the European Union. The activities of the governments of individual European countries and international organizations that have joined the sanctions restrictions in the sphere ofmilitary-technical, high technologies, energy, financial and trade with the Russian Federation aimed at stopping hostilities and restoring international law and order are revealed.

This study explores how the perceived ease of availability of teaching jobs influences the career choices of undergraduate students in Ludhiana, Punjab. In the city’s educational landscape, where private schools, coaching centres and tuition opportunities are widespread, teaching is often viewed as an accessible and practical option compared to careers that demand higher competition, relocation or greater financial investment.

The idea of Teaching-Learning-Assessment Integration put forward in General High School English Curriculum Standards formally stresses the importance of optimizing the relationship between teaching, learning and assessment, so as to promote teaching and learning through assessment. English reading teaching constitutes a crucial component of junior high school English education, bearing significant implications for the enhancement of students’ comprehensive English proficiency.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly integrated into various aspects of college life, significantly transforming the educational landscape. This abstract provides an overview of the diverse applications of AI in education related contexts, highlighting its potential to enhance learning experiences, administrative efficiency, and campus life.

The study aims to compare unilateral squat jump performance between the non-dominant and dominant leg in male handball players. To achieve the purpose 38 male handball players were selected as subjects from Annamalai University. Unilateral squat jump data was obtained using Gyko Inertial system (Microgate, s.r.l., Italy) and optojump (Microgate, s.r.l., Italy).Paired t test was administered to ascertain the unilateral difference in squat jump performance between non-dominant and dominant leg.

The hyper-globalized economy reveals profound systemic vulnerabilities, as evidenced by a 5.3% decline in global merchandise trade in 2020 (WTO, 2021) and a 45% reduction in U.S. beef production capacity (USDA, 2020). Moving beyond conventional economic analysis, this paper argues that the Gandhian principle of Swadeshi (local self-sufficiency), reinterpreted through the lens of social responsibility as a strategy for decentralized economic antifragility, offers a robust framework for resilience that intrinsically prioritizes community well-being and ecological balance.

Workforce diversity refers to a wide range of differences among employees in organizations including, age, gender, race, religion, ethnicity, educational background, personality, tenure, cognitive style, nationality, and organizational function. Managing workforce diversity goes beyond respecting people’s differences; it entails appreciating the importance of differences, knowing, embracing, fighting prejudice, and fostering inclusiveness to improve the organization’s effectiveness.

In recent years, a new trend is being observed in the job market. That of people who take advantage of the contribution of ICT in the development of organizational solutions both remotely and on site. These are freelance workers whose activities continue to grow in the African context, where we witness high unemployment rates and high cost of living. This situation has led to deep changes in the workforce structure of many companies, as all tasks are no longer necessarily carried out within companies, but rather outsourced to specialists who operate at different levels of efficiency.