The objective of this article is to study the Political thought of modern era Iranian thinkers according to the historical evolution of political thought in contemporary Iran influenced by modernity based on the theoretical framework of discourse. Iranian political thought continued for centuries (nearly 8 centuries) in the form of Islamic monarchy or just and religious sultan in Iranian society. This thought consisted of two components of Iranian and Islamic culture. This thought changed with the arrival of modern components in Iran in the contemporary period and in fact found modernity as other. During this period, the thinkers of the Iranian society had different attitudes towards modernity and caused the evolution of political thought in the Iranian society and as a result, they had different approaches to it. Some thinkers abandoned modernity entirely, some invited to adopt it wholeheartedly, some discriminated between good and bad elements of modernity, and others tried to provide a novel definition of Islamic-Iranian civilization based on the genuine civilizational backgrounds in each. Based on these approaches,were formed several political thought discourses in Iranian society. Each of these courses formed a tradition in political thought and founded its own discourse. In an evolutionary process, these discourses were born out of one another to perpetuate a tradition in political thought and respond to problems.
