Physical Sciences and Engineering

In this paper, we investigate the thermodynamic characteristics of a viscous fluid called viscous variable Chaplygin gas (VVCG) model. The equation of state p=-B/ρ is used, with B=B_0 V^(-n/3) and B_0, a positive universal constant. Our study has also taken consideration of the bulk viscosity coefficient, ξ=ξ_0 ρ^(1/2). In order, to analyze the nature of the universe, the behavior of physical parameters in viscous fluid is discussed. The third law of thermodynamics validity is examined using the specific heat formalism.

This paper examines the central role of silence (mouna) in the philosophy and spiritual practice of Sri Ramana Maharshi. Unlike many modern religious teachers who relied primarily on doctrinal exposition or ritual instruction, Ramana Maharshi upheld silence not merely as the absence of speech but as the very nature of the Self and the highest mode of spiritual transmission. The study explores how silence functions simultaneously as ontology, method, and realization in his teaching.

Purpose: This study examines the evolution of digital lending in India’s personal loan segment from FY 2018-19 to FY 2024-25 (till December 2024). It focuses on assessing market growth, shifts in borrower profiles, demographic and geographic outreach, and emerging credit patterns. The objective is to understand how digital lending platforms have improved access to credit, particularly in underserved areas, and to evaluate the inclusivity of these changes in terms of age, gender, and credit vintage.

This study aims to evaluate the influence of different teaching methodologies; traditional lecture-based, project-based, and technology-enhanced on student learning outcomes in mathematics and statistics within Nigerian tertiary institutions. Recognizing the critical role of effective pedagogical strategies in enhancing academic performance, the research seeks to compare the effectiveness, student perceptions, and identify the preferred learning method of students in Mathematics /Statistics..

This literature review article aims to analyze different training programs for runners of different performance levels, using case studies to explore how these programs impact the performance and physiological adaptation of athletes. The central research question addresses how different training programs influence the performance and physiological adaptation of runners, considering their distinct abilities, and what are the practical implications for optimizing results at each level.

The article presents the Theory and Model of Mental Networks and their Taxonomy of Prof. Momchil Dobrev – 1991 with Mental Nodes, Mental Templates, Mental Procedures, Mental Processes - THE NEW PARADIGM and THE MODEL - THE UNITY of PEDAGOGY, DIDACTICS, Psychology, Neurophysiology and "Theory of Types of Consciousness and Levels of Consciousness at 12 Levels MODEL of Prof. Momchil Dobrev "– 1991 LEVELS OF CONSCIOUSNESS with the new goals of teaching how to think, LEARNING THROUGH LEARNING TO THINK, LEARNING THROUGH CONSCIOUSNESS and levels of CONSCIOUSNESS.

Advances in geomatics and computational astronomy enable rigorous quantitative analysis of potential terrestrial–celestial spatial correspondences. This study investigates whether summit-point distributions in the Bosnian Valley of the Pyramids exhibit statistically meaningful geometric similarities with the angular configuration of the Pleiades star cluster (M45).

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has revolutionized various industries, including supply chain management. This paper aims to explore the application of AI in the supply chain and how it has transformed traditional operations by improving efficiency, reducing costs, and optimising decision making process. Through an in-depth analysis of AI technologies such as machine learning, robotics and natural language processing., this study provides an extensive overview of their implementation across different stages of the supply chain.

TiAlN coated carbide tools prepared by arc ion deposition (AIP) can be applied to high-speed, full-dry and semi-dry cutting due to their high thermal oxidation resistance and high wear resistance and low friction coefficient, which can greatly increase productivity. To improve the adhesion strength of TiAlN films, a TiAl intermediate layer was introduced between the substrate and the TiAlNcoating, and the effect of the thickness of the intermediate layer on the adhesion strength of TiAlN films was simulated and experimentally verified.

This study aimed to evaluate students’ perspectives on the institutional support, training, and ethical use of AI tools in academia. Using a quantitative cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 108 students across diverse academic disciplines, with a focus on their experiences and perceptions of AI tools. The study examined institutional resources, including workshops, written guidelines, and online resources, as well as students' preparedness and views on AI’s impact on academic productivity.